OR/17/048 Introduction - Revision history

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	Several studies have examined aspects of the stress field across the UK onshore and UK continental shelf areas (Baptie, 2010<ref name="Baptie 2010">Baptie, B. 2010. Seismogenesis and state of stress in the UK. ''Tectonophysics'', 482 (1–4). 150–159. 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.10.006 </ref>; Williams et al., 2015<ref name="Williams 2015">Williams, J D O, Fellgett, M W, Kingdon, A, and Williamson, P J. 2015. In-situ stress orientations in the UK Southern North Sea: Regional trends, deviations and detachment of the post- Zechstein stress field. Marine and Petroleum Geology. 67. 769–784. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.06.008</ref>; 2016<ref name="Williams 2016"></ref>; Holford et al., 2016<ref name="Holford 2016">Holford, S P, Tassone, D R, Stoker, M S, and Hillis, R R. 2016. Contemporary stress orientations in the Faroe-Shetland region. ''Journal of the Geological Society'', 173, 142–152. </ref>; Kingdon et al., 2016<ref name="Kingdon 2016">Kingdon, A, Fellgett, M W, and Williams, J D O.2016. Use of borehole imaging to improve understanding of the in-situ stress orientation of Central and Northern England and its implications for unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 73, 1–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.02.012</ref>). Kingdon et al. (2016)<ref name="Kingdon 2016"></ref> characterised the orientation of the UK stress field based upon borehole breakout data largely from within the Carboniferous Pennine Coal Measures. The authors found the orientation of S<sub>HMax</sub> to be 150.9 degrees or NW–SE.		Several studies have examined aspects of the stress field across the UK onshore and UK continental shelf areas (Baptie, 2010<ref name="Baptie 2010">Baptie, B. 2010. Seismogenesis and state of stress in the UK. ''Tectonophysics'', 482 (1–4). 150–159. 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.10.006 </ref>; Williams et al., 2015<ref name="Williams 2015">Williams, J D O, Fellgett, M W, Kingdon, A, and Williamson, P J. 2015. In-situ stress orientations in the UK Southern North Sea: Regional trends, deviations and detachment of the post- Zechstein stress field. Marine and Petroleum Geology. 67. 769–784. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.06.008</ref>; 2016<ref name="Williams 2016"></ref>; Holford et al., 2016<ref name="Holford 2016">Holford, S P, Tassone, D R, Stoker, M S, and Hillis, R R. 2016. Contemporary stress orientations in the Faroe-Shetland region. ''Journal of the Geological Society'', 173, 142–152. </ref>; Kingdon et al., 2016<ref name="Kingdon 2016">Kingdon, A, Fellgett, M W, and Williams, J D O.2016. Use of borehole imaging to improve understanding of the in-situ stress orientation of Central and Northern England and its implications for unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 73, 1–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.02.012</ref>). Kingdon et al. (2016)<ref name="Kingdon 2016"></ref> characterised the orientation of the UK stress field based upon borehole breakout data largely from within the Carboniferous Pennine Coal Measures. The authors found the orientation of S<sub>HMax</sub> to be 150.9 degrees or NW–SE.

	Little information exists in the public domain regarding the magnitude of the principle stresses across the UK. A few notable exceptions to this include work on the Cretaceous Captain Sandstone Member of the North Sea \|Inner Moray Firth Basin (Williams et al., 2016<ref name="Williams 2016"></ref>) and the work undertaken during the assessment for radioactive waste disposal at Sellafield, Cumbria NW England (Nirex, 1997<ref name="Nirex 1997">~~Nirex, 1997. Sellafield Geological and Hydrogeological Investigations: Assessment of In-situ Stress Field at Sellafield. Nirex Report S/97/003.~~</ref>).		Little information exists in the public domain regarding the magnitude of the principle stresses across the UK. A few notable exceptions to this include work on the Cretaceous Captain Sandstone Member of the North Sea \|Inner Moray Firth Basin (Williams et al., 2016<ref name="Williams 2016"></ref>) and the work undertaken during the assessment for radioactive waste disposal at Sellafield, Cumbria NW England (Nirex, 1997<ref name="Nirex 1997"></ref>).

	This report details the collection of the limited information in the public domain to characterise the in-situ stress from a variety of sources, before providing geographic summaries of the stress field.		This report details the collection of the limited information in the public domain to characterise the in-situ stress from a variety of sources, before providing geographic summaries of the stress field.

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{{OR/17/048}}
It has long been recognised that detailed knowledge of the in-situ stress field is crucial to the safe and sustainable use of the subsurface. The in-situ stress field is a key constraint for a variety of activities including civil engineering, radioactive waste disposal, mining, unconventional hydrocarbon exploration and fault stability (Nirex, 1997<ref name="Nirex 1997">Nirex. 1997. Sellafield Geological and Hydrogeological Investigations: Assessment of In-situ Stress Field at Sellafield. Nirex Report S/97/003. </ref>; Zoback et al., 2003<ref name="Zoback 2003">Zoback, M D, Barton, C A, Brudy, M, Castillo, D A, Finkbeiner, B R, Grollimund, B R, Moos, D B, Peska, P, Ward, C D, and Wiprut, D J. 2003. Determination of stress orientation and magnitude in deep wells. International Journal of Rock Mechanics & Mining Sciences., 40, 1049–1076. </ref>; Tingay et al., 2005<ref name="Tingay 2005">Tingay, M, Muller, B, Reinecker, J, Heidbach, O, Wenzel, F, and Fleckenstein, P. 2005. Understanding tectonic stress in the oil patch: The World Stress Map Project. The Leading Edge, 24 (12), 1276–1282.</ref>; Williams et al., 2016<ref name="Williams 2016">Williams, J D O, Fellgett, M W, and Quinn, M F. 2016. Carbon dioxide storage in the Captain Sandstone aquifer: determination of in situ stresses and fault-stability analysis. Petroleum Geoscience, 22, 211–222. DOI: 10.1144/petgeo2016-036</ref>).

Despite this there is a lack of stress magnitude data at depth across the UK leading to uncertainty in stress magnitudes. The World Stress Map (WSM) 2016 release (Heidbach et al., 2016<ref name="Heidbach 2016">Heidbach, O, Rajabi, M, Reiter, K, Ziegler, M, and WSM Team (2016). World Stress Map Database Release 2016. GFZ Data Services. http://doi.org/10.5880/WSM.2016.001</ref>) lists 125 records of variable quality for stress field characterisation across the UK landmass, which include: borehole breakout studies, hydraulic fracture measurements, overcoring and focal plane mechanism studies.

Several studies have examined aspects of the stress field across the UK onshore and UK continental shelf areas (Baptie, 2010<ref name="Baptie 2010">Baptie, B. 2010. Seismogenesis and state of stress in the UK. ''Tectonophysics'', 482 (1–4). 150–159. 10.1016/j.tecto.2009.10.006 </ref>; Williams et al., 2015<ref name="Williams 2015">Williams, J D O, Fellgett, M W, Kingdon, A, and Williamson, P J. 2015. In-situ stress orientations in the UK Southern North Sea: Regional trends, deviations and detachment of the post- Zechstein stress field. Marine and Petroleum Geology. 67. 769–784. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2015.06.008</ref>; 2016<ref name="Williams 2016"></ref>; Holford et al., 2016<ref name="Holford 2016">Holford, S P, Tassone, D R, Stoker, M S, and Hillis, R R. 2016. Contemporary stress orientations in the Faroe-Shetland region. ''Journal of the Geological Society'', 173, 142–152. </ref>; Kingdon et al., 2016<ref name="Kingdon 2016">Kingdon, A, Fellgett, M W, and Williams, J D O.2016. Use of borehole imaging to improve understanding of the in-situ stress orientation of Central and Northern England and its implications for unconventional hydrocarbon resources. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 73, 1–20. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.02.012</ref>). Kingdon et al. (2016)<ref name="Kingdon 2016"></ref> characterised the orientation of the UK stress field based upon borehole breakout data largely from within the Carboniferous Pennine Coal Measures. The authors found the orientation of S<sub>HMax</sub> to be 150.9 degrees or NW–SE.

Little information exists in the public domain regarding the magnitude of the principle stresses across the UK. A few notable exceptions to this include work on the Cretaceous Captain Sandstone Member of the North Sea |Inner Moray Firth Basin (Williams et al., 2016<ref name="Williams 2016"></ref>) and the work undertaken during the assessment for radioactive waste disposal at Sellafield, Cumbria NW England (Nirex, 1997<ref name="Nirex 1997">Nirex, 1997. Sellafield Geological and Hydrogeological Investigations: Assessment of In-situ Stress Field at Sellafield. Nirex Report S/97/003.</ref>).

This report details the collection of the limited information in the public domain to characterise the in-situ stress from a variety of sources, before providing geographic summaries of the stress field.
==References==
<References/>
[[Category: OR/17/048 State of stress across UK regions | 04]]