OR/15/007 Appendix 1 - Revision history

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	==The 1959 drought==		==The 1959 drought==
	The 1959 drought was most severe in eastern, central and north-eastern England, with a significant spatial variation in intensity (Marsh ''et al. ''2007). It was a short, intense, 3 season drought, extending from February to November 1959, and exhibited record rainfall minima in September 1959 (Alexander & Jones, 2001; Marsh ''et al. ''2007). There were widespread surface water impacts requiring in excess of 50 Drought Orders, the transfer of water by tanker and bulk transfers of water (Taylor ''et al. ''2009). The drought affected both rural and urban communities and had impacts on the public discourse of drought, as well as highlighting the spatial scale of water control (Taylor ''et al. ''2009).		The 1959 drought was most severe in eastern, central and north-eastern England, with a significant spatial variation in intensity (Marsh ''et al. ''2007<ref name="Marsh et al">MARSH, T, COLE, G and WILBY, R. (2007). Major droughts in England and Wales, 1800–2006. ''Weather'', ''62''(4), 87–93. </ref>). It was a short, intense, 3 season drought, extending from February to November 1959, and exhibited record rainfall minima in September 1959 (Alexander & Jones, 2001<ref name="Alexander">ALEXANDER, L V and JONES, P D. (2001) Updated precipitation series for the UK and discussion of recent extremes. Atmospheric Science Letters DOI:10.1006/ASLE.2001.0025</ref>; Marsh ''et al. ''2007<ref name="Marsh et al"></ref>). There were widespread surface water impacts requiring in excess of 50 Drought Orders, the transfer of water by tanker and bulk transfers of water (Taylor ''et al. ''2009<ref name="Taylor 2009">TAYLOR, V, CHAPPELLS, H, MEDD, W and TRENTMANN, F. (2009). Drought is normal: the socio-technical evolution of drought and water demand in England and Wales, 1893–2006. ''JOURNAL OF HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY'', ''35''(3), 568–591.</ref>). The drought affected both rural and urban communities and had impacts on the public discourse of drought, as well as highlighting the spatial scale of water control (Taylor ''et al. ''2009<ref name="Taylor 2009"></ref>).

	Although this drought is observed in the SGI, the signal is not particularly strong, with an average of -0.66 at Dalton Holme (Bloomfield & Marchant, 2013). It does not appear in a list of major droughts when classified by the SGI (Bloomfield & Marchant, 2013) however it is classified by Marsh ''et al. ''(2007). This is due to several factors, including the presence of, although below average recharge in winter 1958/59, a particularly wet end to 1958 allowing for adequate recharge despite the recharge season being cut short in 1959, as well as the short duration but high intensity of the drought. The drought was also terminated in autumn 1959 (Met Office, 1963), allowing for a prompt start to the recharge season. Although the recharge season was cut short in 1959, groundwater levels were high enough to absorb the impact of a particularly dry summer and autumn, highlighting the importance of dry winters in propagating groundwater drought.		Although this drought is observed in the SGI, the signal is not particularly strong, with an average of -0.66 at Dalton Holme (Bloomfield & Marchant, 2013<ref name="Bloomfield">BLOOMFIELD, J P and MARCHANT, B P. (2013). Analysis of groundwater drought using a variant of the standardised precipitation index. ''Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions'', ''10''(6), 7537–7574. </ref>). It does not appear in a list of major droughts when classified by the SGI (Bloomfield & Marchant, 2013<ref name="Bloomfield"></ref>) however it is classified by Marsh ''et al. ''(2007<ref name="Marsh et al"></ref>). This is due to several factors, including the presence of, although below average recharge in winter 1958/59, a particularly wet end to 1958 allowing for adequate recharge despite the recharge season being cut short in 1959, as well as the short duration but high intensity of the drought. The drought was also terminated in autumn 1959 (Met Office, 1963<ref name"Met 1963">MET OFFICE, (1963). BRitish rainfall, 1959–1960, HMSO, London </ref>), allowing for a prompt start to the recharge season. Although the recharge season was cut short in 1959, groundwater levels were high enough to absorb the impact of a particularly dry summer and autumn, highlighting the importance of dry winters in propagating groundwater drought.

			==References==


	[[category: OR/15/007 Description of groundwater droughts in the UK: 1890 to 2015 \| 05]]		[[category: OR/15/007 Description of groundwater droughts in the UK: 1890 to 2015 \| 05]]

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	[[category: OR/15/007 Description of groundwater droughts in the UK: 1890 to 2015 \| 04]]		[[category: OR/15/007 Description of groundwater droughts in the UK: 1890 to 2015 \| 05]]

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Created page with "__notoc__ {{OR/15/007}} This appendix covers the most recent drought period that is reported in the literature but is excluded from the drought episodes list based on a low SG..."

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__notoc__
{{OR/15/007}}
This appendix covers the most recent drought period that is reported in the literature but is excluded from the drought episodes list based on a low SGI drought intensity value.

==The 1959 drought==
The 1959 drought was most severe in eastern, central and north-eastern England, with a significant spatial variation in intensity (Marsh ''et al. ''2007). It was a short, intense, 3 season drought, extending from February to November 1959, and exhibited record rainfall minima in September 1959 (Alexander & Jones, 2001; Marsh ''et al. ''2007). There were widespread surface water impacts requiring in excess of 50 Drought Orders, the transfer of water by tanker and bulk transfers of water (Taylor ''et al. ''2009). The drought affected both rural and urban communities and had impacts on the public discourse of drought, as well as highlighting the spatial scale of water control (Taylor ''et al. ''2009).

Although this drought is observed in the SGI, the signal is not particularly strong, with an average of -0.66 at Dalton Holme (Bloomfield & Marchant, 2013). It does not appear in a list of major droughts when classified by the SGI (Bloomfield & Marchant, 2013) however it is classified by Marsh ''et al. ''(2007). This is due to several factors, including the presence of, although below average recharge in winter 1958/59, a particularly wet end to 1958 allowing for adequate recharge despite the recharge season being cut short in 1959, as well as the short duration but high intensity of the drought. The drought was also terminated in autumn 1959 (Met Office, 1963), allowing for a prompt start to the recharge season. Although the recharge season was cut short in 1959, groundwater levels were high enough to absorb the impact of a particularly dry summer and autumn, highlighting the importance of dry winters in propagating groundwater drought.

[[category: OR/15/007 Description of groundwater droughts in the UK: 1890 to 2015 | 04]]

OR/15/007 Appendix 1 - Revision history

Dbk: Protected "OR/15/007 Appendix 1" ([Edit=Allow only administrators] (indefinite) [Move=Allow only administrators] (indefinite)) [cascading]

Dbk at 13:28, 1 October 2015

Dbk at 09:36, 30 September 2015

Dbk: Created page with "__notoc__ {{OR/15/007}} This appendix covers the most recent drought period that is reported in the literature but is excluded from the drought episodes list based on a low SG..."

Dbk: Created page with "notoc {{OR/15/007}} This appendix covers the most recent drought period that is reported in the literature but is excluded from the drought episodes list based on a low SG..."